《植物生理学报》 2018, 54(4): 574-580

主成分分析不同浓度CaCl₂对NaCl胁迫下‘达米娜’葡萄的缓解效应

谭伟, 李晓梅, 董志刚, 谭敏, 唐晓萍^*

山西省农业科学院果树研究所, 果树种质创制与利用山西省重点实验室, 山西太谷030815

通信作者：唐晓萍；E-mail: txp-19590401@163.com

摘　要：

为探讨钙对葡萄盐害的缓解效应, 研究了200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl胁迫下, 不同浓度CaCl₂对‘达米娜’葡萄沙培一年生自根苗的影响。结果显示: NaCl胁迫下, ‘达米娜’葡萄根系、叶片相对电导率、叶片超氧阴离子自由基(O₂ ^¯· )产生速率和过氧化氢(H₂O₂)含量显著升高, 而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性显著降低, 新梢长度和总生物量显著降低。5和10 mmol·L^-1 CaCl₂显著降低了NaCl胁迫下根系、叶片相对电导率、叶片O₂ ^¯·产生速率和H₂O₂含量。CaCl₂显著缓解了NaCl胁迫下SOD和CAT活性的下降, 15 mmol·L^-1 CaCl₂显著缓解了POD活性的下降, 而10、15和20 mmol·L^-1 CaCl₂显著缓解了APX活性的下降。高浓度(25 mmol·L^-1) CaCl₂处理的叶片相对电导率、O₂ ^¯·产生速率和H₂O₂含量显著高于NaCl胁迫的, 而POD、APX活性、新梢长和植株总生物量与NaCl胁迫的差异不显著。主成分分析表明10 mmol·L^-1是CaCl₂缓解200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl胁迫对‘达米娜’葡萄的最适浓度, 可能与叶片中较高的抗氧化酶活性和较少的活性氧积累有关。

关键词：葡萄; NaCl胁迫; 外源CaCl₂; 活性氧; 主成分分析

收稿：2017-07-27   修定：2018-03-28

资助：山西省农业科学院农业科技创新研究课题(ZDSYS1505)、山西省重点研发计划重点项目(201603D21105)和山西省农业科学院院优势课题组项目(YYS1704)。

Principal component analysis on the alleviating effects of different concentrations of CaCl₂ on ‘Tamina’ grape under NaCl stress

TAN Wei, LI Xiao-Mei, DONG Zhi-Gang, TAN Min, TANG Xiao-Ping^∗

Institute of Pomology, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm, Improvement and Utilization in Pomology, Taigu, Shanxi 030815, China

Corresponding author: TANG Xiao-Ping; E-mail: txp-19590401@163.com

Abstract:

This study aimed to study the alleviating effects of calcium on grape under salt stress. The annual of grapes (Vitis vinifera L. ‘Tamina’) grown on the sand were the experimental materials. Then the effects of different CaCl2 concentrations on physiological properties of grape seedling were studied under 200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl stress. The results showed that, under 200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl stress, the relative conductivity of roots and leaves, O₂ ^¯· production rate, H₂O₂ content of grape leaves increased significantly, while the SOD, CAT, POD, APX activities of grape leaves, shoot length and total plant biomass decreased significantly. Compared with the NaCl stress, 5 and 10 mmol·L^-1 CaCl₂ significantly decreased the relative conductivity of roots and leaves, O₂ ^¯· production rate, H₂O₂ content of grape leaves. Exogenous CaCl₂ significantly alleviated the decrease of SOD and CAT activity under NaCl stress, 15 mmol·L^-1 CaCl₂ significantly increased the POD activity, while 10, 15 and 20 mmol·L^-1 CaCl₂ significantly increased the APX activity under NaCl stress. Under high concentration (25 mmol·L^-1) of CaCl₂ treatment, the relative conductivity, O₂ ^¯· production rate, H₂O₂ content of grape leaves were significantly higher than those of NaCl stress. However, there were no significant differences in the POD and APX activities, shoot length and total plant biomass between the treatment and NaCl stress. Principal component analysis results showed that the 10 mmol·L^-1 was the appropriate concentration of CaCl₂ which relieving the damage of 200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl on grapes, that might be related with the higher activities of antioxidant enzymes and less accumulation of reactive oxygen species.

Key words: grape; NaCl stress; exogenous CaCl₂; reactive oxygen; principal component analysis